World Get Fifth Ocean Soon: An Atlas Near You

Most of us study the oceans of the world in elementary school. There is the Pacific, Atlantic, India and Arctic. Now, there is a change at sea ahead.

Thanks to National Geographic, you will soon see the fifth ocean in your maps. It now officially recognizes the South Sea, the waters around Antarctica, marking the first time that the organization has made such a change since it began mapping over a century ago.

On World Oceans Day earlier this week, National Geographic announced the difference, which many scientists and researchers have illegally acknowledged for decades.

"Traditionally, there have been four [oceans] defined primarily by the earth's population," Alex Tait, a geographer of the National Geographic Society, told NPR's All Things Considered. "We think it's important to add this fifth coastal region because it's unique and because we want to bring care to all areas of the ocean."

National Geographic has produced maps, atlases, and globes since 1915. But this is the first time they have drawn a new map that will take them back to the sea.

The move coincides with the recognition of the Southern Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of Southern Ocean in 1999, when it received approval from the U.S. Board. In Geographic Names.

The change has caused waves of experts already familiar with the area. For example, it catches Cassandra Brooks, an assistant professor of environmental studies at the University of Colorado, Boulder, off-kilter.

"To be honest with you completely, I was amazed because I have always thought of the South Ocean as its ocean," Brooks said. "I think a lot of the scientists who work there really understand what the South Ocean is all about."

But the Southern is special, according to Brooks, who spent more than 15 years of his career studying Antarctic. Explained by the current Antarctic Circumpolar, the critical flow that they say helps regulate the earth's climate.

Brooks says he thinks of the South Ocean as "lungs" or "heart." The sea "draws water from all oceans," he said.

Both Tait and Brooks are hopeful that this new acquisition will create more awareness in a region often forgotten.

"Antarctica is so far away that most people don't think about it every day. They don't see how important it is in all of our survival," Brooks said.

The five oceans from smallest to largest are: the Arctic, Southern, Indian, Atlantic and Pacific.

Difference between Ocean and Sea

Many people use the words "sea" and "sea" invariably when talking about the sea, but there is a difference between the two words when referring to geography (the study of the surface of the earth).

Oceans are smaller than oceans and are usually found at the confluence of land and sea. Usually, the sea is closed to part of the world.

Sea Sargasso is different. It is defined only by ocean currents.

Arctic Ocean

The Arctic Ocean is divided by an underwater vessel called the Lomonosov ridge into 4,000-4,500 m deep Eurasian or Nasin basin and 4,000 m deep North American or Hyperborean basin. The landscape at the bottom of the Arctic Ocean varies from low-lying edges, abyssal plains, and sea lakes and bowls with a depth of 1,038 meters due to the continental shelf on the Eurasian side.

The largest arctic water flow in the Arctic comes from the Atlantic by Norway Current, (which straddles the coast of Eurasia) although water also flows in from the Pacific via the Bering Strait. The biggest exit comes from the current East Greenland. Snow used to cover most of the Arctic Ocean all year round (now this is changing dramatically due to global warming). As the ice melts, the salts and subtropical temperatures fluctuate. Subtropical temperatures cool the air to the equator, mixing with warm air in the central regions, leading to rain and snow. Marine life is thought to be scarce in the cold Arctic waters off the open, southern waters. Air travel is common in the Arctic because it is the shortest route between the Pacific coast of North America and Europe. Shipping, the main ports are the Russian cities known as Murmansk and Arkhangelsk (Archangel)

Southern Ocean- (New Ocean)

The Southern Ocean, also known as the Antarctic Ocean. The Southern Ocean is the fourth largest body of water in the world. It orbits Antarctica and is actually divided between the Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific oceans. Most people in North America and Continental Europe do not have the name of the area and consider this area to be just parts of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Ocean that are just as easy to get to Antarctica. However, because sailors have long called this area the "South Sea" it was adopted as a sea in 2000 by the International Hydrographic Organization. The ocean has shallow water, with an average depth of 4,000-5,000 m, and encapsulates the continental Antarctic shelf, the deepest and narrowest point at an depth of 400-800 m (over 270-670 m deep in depth). The lowest point is 7,235 feet deep at the southern end of the South Sandwich Trench. There is a sevenfold increase in the size of the Antarctic ice pack between March and September (although this also changes due to global warming), from 2,600,000 km² to 18,800,000 km². The world's largest river, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current (21,000 kilometres long) flows eastward here and carries 130,000,000 m,000 of water per second - a hundred times the flow of all the world's rivers together.

Subdivisions of the South Ocean

Subspecies are terrestrial elements such as "sea", "straits", "bays", "channels", and "gulfs". There are many sections of the South Sea described in the fourth unauthorized 2002 edition of the IHO Limits of Oceans and Seas. Clock sequence includes (by category):

Weddell Sea 

King Haakon Sea VII 

Lazarev Sea 

Riiser-Larsen Sea 

Sea Cosmonauts 

Cooperative Sea 

Davis Sea 

Mawson Sea 

Dumont D'Urville Sea 

Somov Sea 

Ross Sea 

Amundsen Sea 

Sea Bellingshausen 

Drake Category

Bransfield Road 

Part of the Sea in Scotia

Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third largest in the world and makes up about 20% of the Earth's water. It is bounded by southern Asia in the north, the Arabian Peninsula and West Africa, the Malay Peninsula, the Sundra Islands and Australia in the east and the Southern Ocean in the south. The 20 ° east of the meridian separates the Indian Ocean from the Atlantic Ocean and the 147 ° meridian separates the Pacific Ocean. The Indian Ocean reaches 30 ° N latitude in the Persian Gulf at its northern end. In the southern parts of Africa and Australia, it is about 6,000 miles (or 6,200 miles) wide and 73,556,000 km (or 28,400,000 sq miles) at the junction of the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. The volume of this large body of water is estimated at 292,131,000 km³ (or 70,086,000 mi³). Other features include small islands around the continents such as Madagascar (the world's fourth-largest island), Comoros, Seychelles, Maldives, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, and Indonesia. The Indian Ocean is an important crossroads between Asia and Africa, a geographical area that has caused some of the most serious historical conflicts. Because the Indian Ocean is so large, no nation ruled until the 1800's when Britain gained control of much of the surrounding land.

Below the surface of the Indian Ocean is a junction of African, Indian, and Antarctic plateaus - their routes marked by Y-shaped branches on the Mid-Oceanic Ridge and a trunk southward from the edge of a continental shelf near Mumbai, India. The resulting boundaries divide the eastern, western, and southern bases into smaller bushes. The Indian Ocean has small continental shelves 200 km (125 miles) without a shelf width exceeding 1,000 km (600 miles) off the west coast of Australia. On average, the sea level is 3,890 m and the deepest point is the Java Trench at 7,450 m. Above the 50 ° S latitude, 86% of the large bay is covered with pelagic sediment and more than half of the globigerina erupts. Some are littered with fossil fuels and almost all the southern hemispheres are covered with glacial outwash.

Major rivers flowing into the Indian Ocean include the Zambezi, Arvandrud / Shatt-al-Arab, Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra and Irrawaddy. Monsoons control the currents in this seaside. One current flows clockwise toward the northern hemisphere and the other to the south of the equator. These two large, circular currents form the majority of the flow pattern. When winter rains fall, the northern currents are pushed back.

Deep water flow is largely controlled by the flow of water from the Atlantic Ocean, the Red Sea, and the Antarctic currents. The maximum temperature is 22 ° C (72 ° F) north of 20 ° S latitude and exceeds 28 ° C (82 ° F) east. Extreme temperatures drop rapidly below 40 ° south of latitude. The highest salinity occurs in the Arabian Sea and in the archipelago between southern Africa and southwestern Australia although the average salinity of the surface water ranges from 32 to 37 parts per 1,000 (ppt). South of 65 ° S latitude, pack ice and icebergs can be found year-round, though rarely above the north limit of 45 ° S latitude

Atlas Ocean

The second largest ocean in the world is the Atlantic, a name derived from “Atlas Ocean” in Greek mythology. It covers about one fifth of the world's oceans. Waters flow into the Atlantic from four times the size of the Pacific and Indian oceans. The Atlantic area outside the adjacent oceans is 82,400,000 km² and the volume is 323,617,637 km³. Including the beaches around this area is 106,400,000 km², and the volume is 354,700,000 km³. Including nearby oceans, the Atlantic is cantered at a depth of 3,332 m (10,932 ft). Outside the neighbouring oceans the Atlantic has an average depth of 3,926 meters (12,881 ft). The deepest spot is found in the Puerto Rico Trench at 8,605 feet or 28,232 ft. The Atlantic varies widely from 2,848 kilometres between Brazil and Liberia to a distance of 4,830 kilometres between the United States and northern Africa.

The ocean floor can be visualized by imagining a large S-shaped plate extending north and south and divided into North Atlantic and South Atlantic by calculation currents at the equator (approximately 8 ° N latitude). To the west, the Atlantic reaches North and South America. To the east, the Atlantic is connected to the Pacific Ocean by the Arctic Ocean to the north and south. Amazing human activity created the Panama Canal, which now connects the Atlantic with the Pacific Oceans. 20 ° east of the meridian separates the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean east. The Arctic Ocean is separated from the Atlantic by a line running from Greenland to southern Svalbard in northern Norway. The lowest point in the Atlantic is 4,665 m deep in the Fram Basin.

The Atlantic frontiers are marked by numerous ports, lakes, and seas, including the Caribbean Sea, the Gulf of Mexico, the Gulf of St. Petersburg. Lawrence, Mediterranean Sea, Black Sea, North Sea, Baltic Sea and Norwegian-Greenland Sea. Islands include Svalbard, Greenland, Iceland, Rockall, Great Britain, Ireland, Fernando de Noronha, Azores, Madeira Islands, Canaries, Cape Verde Islands, Newfoundland, Bermuda, West Indies, Ascension, St Helena, Tristan da Cunha, Falkland Islands and South Georgia Island.

Pacific Ocean

The Pacific is the largest body of water in the world and was named after Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan who found the Pacific very peaceful ("pacified", meaning French peace) on his many voyages from the Straits of Magellan to the Philippines. Contrary to its name, the islands of the “peaceful sea” are prone to storms and hurricanes. Countries across the Pacific, or Pacific Rim, often experience volcanoes and earthquakes. All the cities were devastated by the tsunamis, with huge waves caused by underwater earthquakes.

The Pacific Ocean covers one third of the earth's surface, covering an area of ​​179.7 million square miles [179.7 million sq km] and extending some 15,000 miles [15,500 km] from the Bering Sea in the Arctic to the frozen waters of the Ross Sea in South Antarctica. The Pacific is farther east at a distance of 5 ° N where it covers the entire distance from Indonesia to the Columbian Coast, a distance of 19,800 km. Its farthest point to the west is probably the Strait of Malacca. The Pacific Ocean also contains the lowest land area and the deepest part of the ocean known as the Mariana Trench, an area of ​​10,911 meters below sea level. There are 25,000 Pacific islands in the Pacific Ocean - more than any other sea.

Conclusion 

• The oceans are unaffected by the increase in carbon dioxide (CO2) and other greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from human activities.
• This results in changes in water temperature, acidification of the oceans and deoxygenation, leading to changes in sea and chemical cycles, rising sea levels, storm surges, and changes in the diversity and abundance of marine species.
• Degradation of coastal and marine ecosystems threatens the physical, economic and food security of local communities, as well as the resources of international businesses.
• Climate change reduces the capacity of the oceans and the coast to provide critical environmental services such as food, carbon storage, oxygen production, and to support natural climate change solutions.
• Sustainable management, conservation and restoration of coastal and marine ecosystems is essential to supporting the continued provision of the natural resources on which people depend. The trajectory of low carbon emissions is important to maintain marine life.